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0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Auto Services Group Limited (“SunCar”) was incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) on September 19, 2012 and continued in the Cayman Islands in accordance with applicable laws.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 23, 2022, SunCar entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger (“Merger Agreement”) with Goldenbridge Acquisition Limited (“Goldenbridge”), SunCar Technology Group Inc. (“SunCar Technology”, or the “Company”), and SunCar Technology Global Inc (the “Merger Sub”), a Cayman Islands exempted company and wholly owned subsidiary of SunCar Technology.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, at the closing of the transactions (the “Business Combination”, or the “Transaction”) contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”), (i) Goldenbridge was merged with and into SunCar Technology, the separate corporate existence of Goldenbridge ceasing and SunCar Technology continuing as the surviving corporation; (ii) the Merger Sub was merged with and into SunCar, the Merger Sub ceasing and SunCar continuing as the surviving company.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”) primarily engages in providing auto eInsurance service, technology service and auto service in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC” or “China”).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Sun Car Online Insurance Agency Co., Ltd. (“SunCar Online”) was incorporated under the laws of PRC on December 5, 2007, and along with its subsidiaries, are the Group’s main operating entities in China. </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Reverse recapitalization</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 17, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), Goldenbridge and SunCar Technology consummated the closing of the Transaction of Goldenbridge and SunCar Technology, following the approval at a Special Meeting of the shareholders on April 14, 2023. Following the consummation of the Transaction, Goldenbridge as a wholly-owned subsidiary of SunCar Technology and the outstanding shares of Goldenbridge being converted into the right to receive shares of SunCar Technology, the combined company will retain the SunCar Technology name.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">SunCar was determined to be the accounting acquirer given it effectively controlled the combined entity after the Transaction. The Transaction is not a business combination because Goldenbridge was not a business. The Transaction is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, which is equivalent to the issuance of shares by SunCar for the net monetary assets of the Company, accompanied by a recapitalization. SunCar is determined as the accounting acquirer and the historical financial statements of SunCar became the Company’s historical financial statements, with retrospective adjustments to give effect of the reverse recapitalization. All of the Ordinary Shares and Convertible Preferred Shares of SunCar that were issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Transaction were cancelled and converted into an aggregate of 31,971,435 Class A ordinary shares and 49,628,565 Class B ordinary shares, which has been restated retrospectively to reflect the equity structure of the Company. The par value of ordinary shares changed from $0.00005 to $0.0001, the difference of $3 was adjusted retrospectively as in addition paid-in capital as of December 31, 2022.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of September 30, 2025, SunCar’s major subsidiaries are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold">Name</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Date of<br/> Incorporation</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Place of<br/> Incorporation</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Percentage of<br/> Effective<br/> Ownership</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Principal<br/> Activities</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sun Car Online Insurance Agency Co., Ltd. (“SUNCAR Online”)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 20%; text-align: center">December 5, 2007</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: center">PRC</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">56.33</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 20%; text-align: center">Auto eInsurance service</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Shanghai Feiyou Trading Co., Limited (“Shanghai Feiyou”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">June 11, 2009</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Technology services</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Shanghai Xuanbei Automobile Service Co., Limited (“Shanghai Xuanbei”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">April 26, 2018</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Auto service</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Shanghai Shengshi Dalian Automobile Service Co., Limited (“Shengda Automobile”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">June 8, 2013</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">84.21</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Auto service</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Haiyan Trading (Shanghai) Co., Limited (“Haiyan”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">November 22, 2012</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Holding company</td></tr> </table> 31971435 49628565 0.00005 0.0001 3000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of September 30, 2025, SunCar’s major subsidiaries are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold">Name</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Date of<br/> Incorporation</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Place of<br/> Incorporation</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Percentage of<br/> Effective<br/> Ownership</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Principal<br/> Activities</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Sun Car Online Insurance Agency Co., Ltd. (“SUNCAR Online”)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 20%; text-align: center">December 5, 2007</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: center">PRC</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">56.33</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 20%; text-align: center">Auto eInsurance service</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Shanghai Feiyou Trading Co., Limited (“Shanghai Feiyou”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">June 11, 2009</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Technology services</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Shanghai Xuanbei Automobile Service Co., Limited (“Shanghai Xuanbei”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">April 26, 2018</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Auto service</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Shanghai Shengshi Dalian Automobile Service Co., Limited (“Shengda Automobile”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">June 8, 2013</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">84.21</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Auto service</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Haiyan Trading (Shanghai) Co., Limited (“Haiyan”)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">November 22, 2012</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">PRC</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: center">Holding company</td></tr> </table> 2007-12-05 PRC 0.5633 Auto eInsurance service 2009-06-11 PRC 1 Technology services 2018-04-26 PRC 1 Auto service 2013-06-08 PRC 0.8421 Auto service 2012-11-22 PRC 1 Holding company <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2.</b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(a).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Basis of presentation</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information, and with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Unaudited interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full fiscal year. The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation. For consolidated subsidiaries where the Group’s ownership in the subsidiary is less than 100%, the equity interest not held by the Group is shown as non-controlling interests.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(b).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Use of estimates</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant accounting estimates include, but not limited to, the allowance for credit losses, useful lives and impairment of long-lived assets, valuation allowances of deferred tax assets, and warrant liabilities. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and as such, differences may be material to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(c).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Accounts receivable, net</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable, net are stated at the original amount less allowances for credit losses. Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Group has provided services to its customers and when its right to consideration is unconditional. The Group adopted ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) and assesses collectability by reviewing accounts receivable on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist, primarily based on similar business lines, and on an individual basis when the Group identifies specific customers with known disputes or collectability issues. In determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses, the Group considers historical collectability based on past due status, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of the Group’s customers based on ongoing credit evaluations, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect the Group’s ability to collect from customers. </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(d).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Warrant</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own ordinary shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The fair value of the Private Warrants was estimated using a Black-Scholes model.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0px; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(e).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Fair value measurement</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of inputs are:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 2—Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 3—Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounting guidance also describes three main approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Financial assets and liabilities of the Group primarily consist of cash, accounts receivable, short-term investments, other receivables included in prepayments and other current assets, long-term investment, short-term borrowings, accounts payable, other payables included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and warrant liabilities. As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, the carrying amounts of other financial instruments approximated to their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The warrant liabilities were measured at fair value using unobservable inputs and categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s non-financial assets, such as property, software and equipment, would be measured at fair value only if they were determined to be impaired.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(f).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Revenue recognition</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s revenues are mainly generated from providing auto eInsurance service, technology service and auto service.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group recognizes revenue pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, reduced by Value Added Tax (“VAT”). To achieve the core principle of this standard, we applied the following five steps:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Identification of the contract, or contracts, with the customer;</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Determination of the transaction price;</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recognition of the revenue when, or as, a performance obligation is satisfied.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Auto eInsurance Service</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group provides auto eInsurance service distributing primarily vehicle insurance on behalf of the insurance companies and charges insurance companies for intermediation service commissions. The commissions are determined as a percentage of premiums paid by the insured. Auto eInsurance services are considered to be rendered and completed, and revenue is recognized, at the time an insurance policy becomes effective, that is, when the signed insurance policy is in place and the premium is collected from the insured. The Group has satisfied the performance obligation to recognize revenue when the premiums are collected by the respective insurance companies and not before, because collectability is not ensured until receipt of the premium. Accordingly, the Group does not accrue any auto eInsurance service commission and fees prior to the receipt of the related premiums. No allowance for cancellation has been provided for intermediation services as cancellation of policies rarely occurs.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Technology service</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group provides technology service including technical software and consulting related to automobile services and insurance, such as customer relationship management (CRM), order management, finance management and visual analysis systems. The Group charges service fee based on fixed price per month for service provided, and recognizes revenue over time during the service period.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Auto service</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group defines enterprise customers as the Group’s customers and the Group sells auto service coupons to enterprise customers, which each coupon represents one specific auto service. There are various service types including vehicle washing, waxing, maintenance, driving service and road assistance, and the Group only provides one specific service among various service types for each specific service coupon. The Group identifies each specific service coupon as a contract that establishes enforceable rights and obligations for each party. The Group charges the service fee at a fixed price per service when the service is performed. For service coupons with limited duration, the Group either charges the service fee at a fixed price per service when the service is performed or when the coupon expires, whether or not the service has been performed. The Group considers each service coupon is a distinct service that is capable of providing a benefit to the customer on its own according to ASC 606-10-25-14(a). Therefore, the Group identifies only one performance obligation under a contract, which is to provide a specific service or to stand-ready to perform a specific service within a limited duration. The Group acts as a principal as the Group controls the right to services before the services are provided to customers and the Group has the ability to direct other parties to provide the services to customers on the Group’s behalf. Specifically, the Group has the ability to choose service providers, is primarily responsible for the acceptability for the service meeting customer specifications, bears inventory risk after transfer of control of services to customers, and has the discretion in establishing the price with customers and with service providers and bears credit risk. The Group recognizes revenue in the gross amount of consideration at a point of time when the service is provided, or when the service coupon expires. The Group does not provide refunds to customers when a coupon has expired but not used.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s revenues are disaggregated by timing of revenue recognition as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended<br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Revenue recognized at a point of time</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">278,663</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">301,535</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Revenue recognized over time</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">34,046</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">36,549</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Revenues</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">312,709</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">338,084</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Contract Balances</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Accounts receivable represent revenue recognized for the amounts invoiced and/or prior to invoicing when the Group has satisfied its performance obligation and has an unconditional right to the payment. Contract assets represent the Group’s right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that the Group has transferred to a customer. The Group has <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-69"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-70">no</span></span> contract assets as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue, which represents the billings or cash received for services in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized as revenue the performance obligation is satisfied. The Group’s deferred revenue amounted to $2,421 and $2,285 as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the Group recognized $3,050 and $2,228 that was included in deferred revenue balance at January 1, 2024 and 2025, respectively.</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(g).</i></b></span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Share-based compensation</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group grants restricted share units (“RSUs”) of the Company and its subsidiary, SunCar Online, to eligible employees and management. The Group accounts for share-based awards issued to employees and non-employees in accordance with ASC Topic 718 Compensation – Stock Compensation. The Group recognizes compensation cost for an equity classified award using the straight-line method over the applicable vesting period based on the fair value of restricted shares granted on the date of the grant. Awards of subsidiary equity is recognized in “non-controlling interest” in the consolidated entity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The consideration for the business combination closed on May 17, 2023 included totally 4,800,000 earnout shares (“Earnout Shares”) granted to the management upon the achievement of revenue targets in 2022, 2023 and 2024. Earnout Shares in 2022 was accounted for as part of the consideration of the business combination. The Group recognizes Earnout Shares in 2023 and 2024 for an equity classified award using the graded vesting method over the applicable vesting period based on the fair value of the Earnout Shares on the grant date.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(h).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Foreign currency transactions and translations </i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s principal country of operations is the PRC. The financial position and results of its operations are determined using RMB, the local currency, as the functional currency. The Group’s financial statements are reported using U.S. Dollars (“$”). The results of operations and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows denominated in foreign currency are translated at the average rate of exchange during the reporting period. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at the applicable rates of exchange in effect at that date. The equity denominated in the functional currency is translated at the historical rate of exchange at the time of capital contribution. Because cash flows are translated based on the average translation rate, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in the results of operations.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The value of RMB against $ and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the PRC’s political and economic conditions. Any significant revaluation of RMB may materially affect the Group’s financial condition in terms of $ reporting. The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance sheet items, except for equity accounts</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.2993</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.119</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><b>For the nine months ended<br/> September 30,</b></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Items in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and statements of cash flows</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.1977</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.2201</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation.</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(i).</i></b></span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Recent accounting pronouncements</i></b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group is an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, EGC can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvement to Income Tax Disclosure. This standard requires more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This standard also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public business entities, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Group is in the process of evaluation the impact of adopting this new guidance on its consolidated financial statement. </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”), and in January 2025, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date (“ASU 2025-01”). ASU 2024-03 requires additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement as well as disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented in the income statement. ASU 2024-03, as clarified by ASU 2025-01, is effective for us for our annual reporting for fiscal 2028 and for interim period reporting beginning in fiscal 2029 on a prospective basis. Both early adoption and retrospective application are permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of these standards will have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt–Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversion of Convertible Debt Instruments (“ASU 2024–04”), which clarifies the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as an induced conversion. ASU 2024-04 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted for all entities that have adopted the amendments in Update 2020-06. The Group is in the process of evaluation the impact of adopting this new guidance on its consolidated financial statement.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). The amendments in ASU 2025-05 provide entities with a practical expedient to simplify the estimation of expected credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) by allowing the assumption that current conditions as of the balance sheet date will not change during the remaining life of the asset. ASU 2025-05 is effective for the Group for its annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2025-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Group does not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(a).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Basis of presentation</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information, and with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Unaudited interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full fiscal year. The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation. For consolidated subsidiaries where the Group’s ownership in the subsidiary is less than 100%, the equity interest not held by the Group is shown as non-controlling interests.</p> 1 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(b).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Use of estimates</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant accounting estimates include, but not limited to, the allowance for credit losses, useful lives and impairment of long-lived assets, valuation allowances of deferred tax assets, and warrant liabilities. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and as such, differences may be material to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(c).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Accounts receivable, net</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable, net are stated at the original amount less allowances for credit losses. Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Group has provided services to its customers and when its right to consideration is unconditional. The Group adopted ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) and assesses collectability by reviewing accounts receivable on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist, primarily based on similar business lines, and on an individual basis when the Group identifies specific customers with known disputes or collectability issues. In determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses, the Group considers historical collectability based on past due status, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of the Group’s customers based on ongoing credit evaluations, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect the Group’s ability to collect from customers. </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(d).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Warrant</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own ordinary shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The fair value of the Private Warrants was estimated using a Black-Scholes model.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0px; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(e).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Fair value measurement</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of inputs are:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.</span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 2—Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 3—Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounting guidance also describes three main approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Financial assets and liabilities of the Group primarily consist of cash, accounts receivable, short-term investments, other receivables included in prepayments and other current assets, long-term investment, short-term borrowings, accounts payable, other payables included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and warrant liabilities. As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, the carrying amounts of other financial instruments approximated to their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The warrant liabilities were measured at fair value using unobservable inputs and categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s non-financial assets, such as property, software and equipment, would be measured at fair value only if they were determined to be impaired.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(f).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Revenue recognition</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s revenues are mainly generated from providing auto eInsurance service, technology service and auto service.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group recognizes revenue pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, reduced by Value Added Tax (“VAT”). To achieve the core principle of this standard, we applied the following five steps:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Identification of the contract, or contracts, with the customer;</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Determination of the transaction price;</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recognition of the revenue when, or as, a performance obligation is satisfied.</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Auto eInsurance Service</i></b></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group provides auto eInsurance service distributing primarily vehicle insurance on behalf of the insurance companies and charges insurance companies for intermediation service commissions. The commissions are determined as a percentage of premiums paid by the insured. Auto eInsurance services are considered to be rendered and completed, and revenue is recognized, at the time an insurance policy becomes effective, that is, when the signed insurance policy is in place and the premium is collected from the insured. The Group has satisfied the performance obligation to recognize revenue when the premiums are collected by the respective insurance companies and not before, because collectability is not ensured until receipt of the premium. Accordingly, the Group does not accrue any auto eInsurance service commission and fees prior to the receipt of the related premiums. No allowance for cancellation has been provided for intermediation services as cancellation of policies rarely occurs.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Technology service</i></b></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group provides technology service including technical software and consulting related to automobile services and insurance, such as customer relationship management (CRM), order management, finance management and visual analysis systems. The Group charges service fee based on fixed price per month for service provided, and recognizes revenue over time during the service period.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Auto service</i></b></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group defines enterprise customers as the Group’s customers and the Group sells auto service coupons to enterprise customers, which each coupon represents one specific auto service. There are various service types including vehicle washing, waxing, maintenance, driving service and road assistance, and the Group only provides one specific service among various service types for each specific service coupon. The Group identifies each specific service coupon as a contract that establishes enforceable rights and obligations for each party. The Group charges the service fee at a fixed price per service when the service is performed. For service coupons with limited duration, the Group either charges the service fee at a fixed price per service when the service is performed or when the coupon expires, whether or not the service has been performed. The Group considers each service coupon is a distinct service that is capable of providing a benefit to the customer on its own according to ASC 606-10-25-14(a). Therefore, the Group identifies only one performance obligation under a contract, which is to provide a specific service or to stand-ready to perform a specific service within a limited duration. The Group acts as a principal as the Group controls the right to services before the services are provided to customers and the Group has the ability to direct other parties to provide the services to customers on the Group’s behalf. Specifically, the Group has the ability to choose service providers, is primarily responsible for the acceptability for the service meeting customer specifications, bears inventory risk after transfer of control of services to customers, and has the discretion in establishing the price with customers and with service providers and bears credit risk. The Group recognizes revenue in the gross amount of consideration at a point of time when the service is provided, or when the service coupon expires. The Group does not provide refunds to customers when a coupon has expired but not used.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s revenues are disaggregated by timing of revenue recognition as follows:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended<br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Revenue recognized at a point of time</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">278,663</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">301,535</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Revenue recognized over time</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">34,046</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">36,549</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Revenues</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">312,709</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">338,084</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Contract Balances</i></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Accounts receivable represent revenue recognized for the amounts invoiced and/or prior to invoicing when the Group has satisfied its performance obligation and has an unconditional right to the payment. Contract assets represent the Group’s right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that the Group has transferred to a customer. The Group has <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-69"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-70">no</span></span> contract assets as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue, which represents the billings or cash received for services in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized as revenue the performance obligation is satisfied. The Group’s deferred revenue amounted to $2,421 and $2,285 as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the Group recognized $3,050 and $2,228 that was included in deferred revenue balance at January 1, 2024 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s revenues are disaggregated by timing of revenue recognition as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended<br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Revenue recognized at a point of time</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">278,663</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">301,535</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Revenue recognized over time</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">34,046</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">36,549</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Revenues</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">312,709</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">338,084</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 278663000 301535000 34046000 36549000 312709000 338084000 2421000 2285000 3050000 2228000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(g).</i></b></span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Share-based compensation</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group grants restricted share units (“RSUs”) of the Company and its subsidiary, SunCar Online, to eligible employees and management. The Group accounts for share-based awards issued to employees and non-employees in accordance with ASC Topic 718 Compensation – Stock Compensation. The Group recognizes compensation cost for an equity classified award using the straight-line method over the applicable vesting period based on the fair value of restricted shares granted on the date of the grant. Awards of subsidiary equity is recognized in “non-controlling interest” in the consolidated entity.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The consideration for the business combination closed on May 17, 2023 included totally 4,800,000 earnout shares (“Earnout Shares”) granted to the management upon the achievement of revenue targets in 2022, 2023 and 2024. Earnout Shares in 2022 was accounted for as part of the consideration of the business combination. The Group recognizes Earnout Shares in 2023 and 2024 for an equity classified award using the graded vesting method over the applicable vesting period based on the fair value of the Earnout Shares on the grant date.</p> 4800000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(h).</i></b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Foreign currency transactions and translations </i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s principal country of operations is the PRC. The financial position and results of its operations are determined using RMB, the local currency, as the functional currency. The Group’s financial statements are reported using U.S. Dollars (“$”). The results of operations and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows denominated in foreign currency are translated at the average rate of exchange during the reporting period. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at the applicable rates of exchange in effect at that date. The equity denominated in the functional currency is translated at the historical rate of exchange at the time of capital contribution. Because cash flows are translated based on the average translation rate, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in the results of operations.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The value of RMB against $ and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the PRC’s political and economic conditions. Any significant revaluation of RMB may materially affect the Group’s financial condition in terms of $ reporting. The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance sheet items, except for equity accounts</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.2993</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.119</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><b>For the nine months ended<br/> September 30,</b></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Items in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and statements of cash flows</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.1977</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.2201</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation.</p> The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements:<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance sheet items, except for equity accounts</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.2993</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.119</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><b>For the nine months ended<br/> September 30,</b></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Items in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and statements of cash flows</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.1977</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.2201</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 7.2993 7.119 7.1977 7.2201 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>(i).</i></b></span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Recent accounting pronouncements</i></b></span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group is an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, EGC can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvement to Income Tax Disclosure. This standard requires more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This standard also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public business entities, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Group is in the process of evaluation the impact of adopting this new guidance on its consolidated financial statement. </p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”), and in January 2025, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date (“ASU 2025-01”). ASU 2024-03 requires additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement as well as disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented in the income statement. ASU 2024-03, as clarified by ASU 2025-01, is effective for us for our annual reporting for fiscal 2028 and for interim period reporting beginning in fiscal 2029 on a prospective basis. Both early adoption and retrospective application are permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of these standards will have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt–Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversion of Convertible Debt Instruments (“ASU 2024–04”), which clarifies the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as an induced conversion. ASU 2024-04 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted for all entities that have adopted the amendments in Update 2020-06. The Group is in the process of evaluation the impact of adopting this new guidance on its consolidated financial statement.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). The amendments in ASU 2025-05 provide entities with a practical expedient to simplify the estimation of expected credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) by allowing the assumption that current conditions as of the balance sheet date will not change during the remaining life of the asset. ASU 2025-05 is effective for the Group for its annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2025-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Group does not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.</p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>3.</b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SEGMENT INFORMATION</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">  </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The CODM reviews financial information of operating segments based on internal management report when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing the performance of the Group. As a result of the assessment made by CODM, the Group has four reportable segments, including auto eInsurance business, technology service and auto service business. The Group’s CODM evaluates performance based on the operating segment’s revenue and their operating results. The revenue and operating results by segments were as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="18" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended September 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Auto einsurance service</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Technology service</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Auto service</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Consolidated</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left">Revenues from external customers</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">149,243</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">36,549</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">152,292</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-71">-</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">338,084</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Operating cost and expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Integrated service cost</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-72">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(19,960</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(134,326</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-73">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(154,286</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Promotional service and selling expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(147,332</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(8,940</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(4,704</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-74">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(160,976</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">General and administrative expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3,462</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(847</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(11,022</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(2,347</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(17,678</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Research and development expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(707</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,210</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,520</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-75">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3,437</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total operating costs and expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(151,501</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(30,957</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(151,572</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,347</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(336,377</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Total other income (expenses), net ⁽¹⁾</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(36</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(157</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,584</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,216</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(4,993</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Segment (loss) income before tax</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,294</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,435</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(864</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(5,563</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,286</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="18" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">For the nine months ended September  30, 2024</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Auto einsurance service</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Technology service</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Auto service</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Others</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Consolidated</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: left">Revenues from external customers</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">119,108</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">34,046</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">159,555</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-76">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">312,709</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating cost and expenses</td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Integrated service cost</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-77">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(20,964</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(137,879</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-78">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(158,843</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Promotional service and selling expenses</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(118,789</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(12,044</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,695</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-79">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(134,528</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">General and administrative expenses</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,468</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,635</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,475</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(32,501</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(44,079</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Research and development expenses</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(44</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,037</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,524</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(31,020</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(33,625</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total operating costs and expenses</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(122,301</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(35,680</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(149,573</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,521</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(371,075</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total other expenses, net(1)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(281</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(217</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,322</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(456</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,276</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Segment income (loss) before tax</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b> </b></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><b>$</b></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><b>(3,474</b></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><b>)</b></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,851</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,660</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,977</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(60,642</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Included net of financial expenses, investment income and others.</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The total assets by segments as of December 31, 2024 and as of September 30, 2025 were as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Segment assets</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Auto eInsurance service</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">56,769</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">69,203</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Technology service</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">39,391</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">31,716</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Auto service</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">148,630</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">170,589</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,938</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,468</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total segment assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">246,728</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">273,976</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> The CODM reviews financial information of operating segments based on internal management report when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing the performance of the Group. As a result of the assessment made by CODM, the Group has four reportable segments, including auto eInsurance business, technology service and auto service business. The Group’s CODM evaluates performance based on the operating segment’s revenue and their operating results. 4 The revenue and operating results by segments were as follows:<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="18" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended September 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Auto einsurance service</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Technology service</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Auto service</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Consolidated</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left">Revenues from external customers</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">149,243</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">36,549</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">152,292</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-71">-</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">338,084</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Operating cost and expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Integrated service cost</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-72">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(19,960</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(134,326</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-73">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(154,286</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Promotional service and selling expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(147,332</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(8,940</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(4,704</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-74">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(160,976</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">General and administrative expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3,462</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(847</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(11,022</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(2,347</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(17,678</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Research and development expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(707</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,210</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1,520</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-75">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(3,437</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total operating costs and expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(151,501</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(30,957</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(151,572</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,347</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(336,377</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Total other income (expenses), net ⁽¹⁾</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(36</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(157</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,584</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,216</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(4,993</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Segment (loss) income before tax</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,294</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,435</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(864</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(5,563</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,286</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="18" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">For the nine months ended September  30, 2024</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Auto einsurance service</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Technology service</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Auto service</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Others</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Consolidated</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: left">Revenues from external customers</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">119,108</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">34,046</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">159,555</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-76">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right">312,709</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating cost and expenses</td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt"> </td> <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Integrated service cost</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-77">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(20,964</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(137,879</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-78">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(158,843</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Promotional service and selling expenses</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(118,789</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(12,044</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,695</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-79">-</div></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(134,528</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">General and administrative expenses</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,468</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,635</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,475</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(32,501</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(44,079</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Research and development expenses</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(44</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,037</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,524</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(31,020</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(33,625</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total operating costs and expenses</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(122,301</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(35,680</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(149,573</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,521</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(371,075</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total other expenses, net(1)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(281</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(217</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,322</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(456</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,276</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Segment income (loss) before tax</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b> </b></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><b>$</b></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><b>(3,474</b></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><b>)</b></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,851</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,660</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,977</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(60,642</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Included net of financial expenses, investment income and others.</span></td></tr> </table> 149243000 36549000 152292000 338084000 19960000 134326000 154286000 147332000 8940000 4704000 160976000 3462000 847000 11022000 2347000 17678000 707000 1210000 1520000 3437000 151501000 30957000 151572000 2347000 336377000 -36000 -157000 -1584000 -3216000 -4993000 -2294000 5435000 -864000 -5563000 -3286000 119108000 34046000 159555000 312709000 20964000 137879000 158843000 118789000 12044000 3695000 134528000 3468000 1635000 6475000 32501000 44079000 44000 1037000 1524000 31020000 33625000 122301000 35680000 149573000 63521000 371075000 -281000 -217000 -1322000 -456000 -2276000 -3474000 -1851000 8660000 -63977000 -60642000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The total assets by segments as of December 31, 2024 and as of September 30, 2025 were as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Segment assets</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Auto eInsurance service</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">56,769</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">69,203</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Technology service</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">39,391</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">31,716</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Auto service</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">148,630</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">170,589</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,938</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,468</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total segment assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">246,728</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">273,976</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 56769000 69203000 39391000 31716000 148630000 170589000 1938000 2468000 246728000 273976000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>4.</b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.45pt"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">97,467</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">102,959</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for credit losses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(21,862</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(27,621</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Accounts receivable, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">75,605</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">75,338</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group recognized credit losses of $2,359 and $5,133 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The movement of allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 were as following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at the beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21,144</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21,862</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Additions</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,359</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,133</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">309</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">626</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Balance at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">23,812</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">27,621</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">97,467</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">102,959</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for credit losses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(21,862</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(27,621</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Accounts receivable, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">75,605</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">75,338</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 97467000 102959000 21862000 27621000 75605000 75338000 2359000 5133000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The movement of allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 were as following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at the beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21,144</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21,862</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Additions</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,359</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,133</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">309</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">626</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Balance at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">23,812</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">27,621</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 21144000 21862000 2359000 5133000 309000 626000 23812000 27621000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>5.</b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS, NET</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Prepayments and other current assets, net consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of<br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Advances to suppliers</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">65,753</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">87,413</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities margin ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-80">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4,068</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Value-added tax (“VAT”) receivables</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,301</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,725</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Receivables from third parties ⁽²⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid financing expense ⁽³⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">835</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">382</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">412</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,155</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">70,301</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">96,743</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for credit losses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(130</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(171</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">70,171</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"><b>$</b></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">96,572</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On April 21, May 15 and August 12, 2025, Shanghai Cuhong Auto Services Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Cuhong”), a subsidiary of the Company, provided cash collateral of RMB14.6 million (approximately $2.0 million), RMB7.2 million (approximately $1.0 million) and RMB7.2 million (approximately $1.0  million), respectively, to Beijing Youhu Business Services Co., Ltd. (“Youhu”) under a guarantee agreement. The collateral was intended to secure margin loan obligations of Lu Ruixia, Yang Shuaiqi, Yang Dan and Guo Qingbao with Youhu’s related entities, Tiger Brokers (NZ) Limited and Tiger Brokers (HK) Global Limited. The amount is refundable only when such third-parties have fully satisfied and complied with any additional margin requirements. The Company expects to recover this securities margin by 2026.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">It represented advance to the employees for the Company’s daily operation.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">It represented prepaid financing expense related to issuance of GEM Warrants (See Note 10).</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group assessed the collectability of prepayments and other current assets, and did not record credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The movement of allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 were as following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at the beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">172</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">130</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">41</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Balance at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">174</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">171</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Prepayments and other current assets, net consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of<br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Advances to suppliers</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">65,753</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">87,413</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities margin ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-80">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4,068</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Value-added tax (“VAT”) receivables</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,301</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,725</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Receivables from third parties ⁽²⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid financing expense ⁽³⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">835</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">382</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">412</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,155</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">70,301</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">96,743</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for credit losses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(130</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(171</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">70,171</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"><b>$</b></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">96,572</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On April 21, May 15 and August 12, 2025, Shanghai Cuhong Auto Services Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Cuhong”), a subsidiary of the Company, provided cash collateral of RMB14.6 million (approximately $2.0 million), RMB7.2 million (approximately $1.0 million) and RMB7.2 million (approximately $1.0  million), respectively, to Beijing Youhu Business Services Co., Ltd. (“Youhu”) under a guarantee agreement. The collateral was intended to secure margin loan obligations of Lu Ruixia, Yang Shuaiqi, Yang Dan and Guo Qingbao with Youhu’s related entities, Tiger Brokers (NZ) Limited and Tiger Brokers (HK) Global Limited. The amount is refundable only when such third-parties have fully satisfied and complied with any additional margin requirements. The Company expects to recover this securities margin by 2026.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">It represented advance to the employees for the Company’s daily operation.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">It represented prepaid financing expense related to issuance of GEM Warrants (See Note 10).</span></td></tr> </table> 65753000 87413000 4068000 2301000 2725000 1000000 1000000 835000 382000 412000 1155000 70301000 96743000 130000 171000 70171000 96572000 14600000 2000000 7200000 1000000 7200000 1000000 The movement of allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 were as following:<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at the beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">172</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">130</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">41</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Balance at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">174</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">171</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 172000 130000 -2000 -41000 174000 171000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>6.</b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>PROPERTY, SOFTWARE AND EQUIPMENT, NET</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Property, software and equipment, net, consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Cost</td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Computer software ⁽ⁱ⁾</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">31,534</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">32,332</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Electronic equipment</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">13,209</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">13,797</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Vehicles</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">828</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">812</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Building</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">691</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">710</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Office equipment and furniture</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">185</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">189</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Leasehold improvements</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">22</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-81">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Subtotal</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">46,469</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">47,840</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(18,805</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(23,072</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Property, software and equipment, net</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">27,664</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">24,768</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From 2022 onwards, part of hybrid cloud platform developed with the assistance of a third-party cloud service provider were progressively completed and deemed substantially ready for use, and transferred from other non-current assets. Cost of hybrid cloud platform represents the purchase price of the platform and other expenditures incurred to bring the platform into its intended use. The application of the hybrid cloud platform was to improve the IT development capability for internal-used software platforms which provide auto eInsurance service and auto service to customers, and Software-As-A-Service (“SaaS”) products which are provided to business partners as technology services.</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Depreciation and amortization expense was $3,320 and $3,725 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the Group recorded <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-82"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-83">no</span></span> impairment loss of property, software and equipment.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Property, software and equipment, net, consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Cost</td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Computer software ⁽ⁱ⁾</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">31,534</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">32,332</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Electronic equipment</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">13,209</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">13,797</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Vehicles</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">828</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">812</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Building</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">691</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">710</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Office equipment and furniture</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">185</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">189</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Leasehold improvements</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">22</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-81">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Subtotal</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">46,469</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">47,840</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(18,805</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(23,072</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Property, software and equipment, net</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">27,664</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">24,768</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From 2022 onwards, part of hybrid cloud platform developed with the assistance of a third-party cloud service provider were progressively completed and deemed substantially ready for use, and transferred from other non-current assets. Cost of hybrid cloud platform represents the purchase price of the platform and other expenditures incurred to bring the platform into its intended use. The application of the hybrid cloud platform was to improve the IT development capability for internal-used software platforms which provide auto eInsurance service and auto service to customers, and Software-As-A-Service (“SaaS”) products which are provided to business partners as technology services.</span></td> </tr></table> 31534000 32332000 13209000 13797000 828000 812000 691000 710000 185000 189000 22000 46469000 47840000 18805000 23072000 27664000 24768000 3320000 3725000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>7.</b></span></td> <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS, NET</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Other non-current assets, net, consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other cloud infrastructure ⁽ⁱ⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">11,458</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,274</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Artificial intelligence platform under construction</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-84">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">449</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expense for cloud infrastructure support ⁽ⁱⁱ⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-85">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,463</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated amortization</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-86">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(897</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Other non-current assets, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,458</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">17,289</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other non-current assets primarily consisted of other cloud infrastructure under construction, which was not available for use as of September 30, 2025 and expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2026.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In the first half of 2025, the Group paid RMB38.9 million (approximately $5.5 million) for cloud infrastructure support, which would be amortized over 3 years based on the service agreements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, amortization expense was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-87">nil</span> and $897.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Other non-current assets, net, consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other cloud infrastructure ⁽ⁱ⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">11,458</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,274</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Artificial intelligence platform under construction</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-84">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">449</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expense for cloud infrastructure support ⁽ⁱⁱ⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-85">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,463</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated amortization</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-86">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(897</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Other non-current assets, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,458</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">17,289</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other non-current assets primarily consisted of other cloud infrastructure under construction, which was not available for use as of September 30, 2025 and expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2026.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In the first half of 2025, the Group paid RMB38.9 million (approximately $5.5 million) for cloud infrastructure support, which would be amortized over 3 years based on the service agreements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, amortization expense was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-87">nil</span> and $897.</span></td></tr> </table> 11458000 12274000 449000 5463000 897000 11458000 17289000 38900000 5500000 P3Y 897000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>8.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contingent liabilities of GEM dispute ⁽ⁱ⁾</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-88">-</div></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">2,811</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Project deposits</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">3,904</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">1,831</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Payroll payable</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">717</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">769</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Value added taxes and other taxes payable</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">370</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">708</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Subscription amount received for unvested restricted shares</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">288</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-89">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other accrued expenses</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">513</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,490</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total accrued expenses and other liabilities</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">5,792</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">7,609</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In an arbitration proceeding held in New York involving GEM Global Yield LLC SCS and GEM Yield Bahamas Limited (collectively, “GEM”), which sought monetary damages against Auto Services Group Limited (“ASGL”) concerning an alleged breach of contractual obligations, the arbitration tribunal issued an award at the end of April 2025 (the “Award”). The Award requires ASGL to pay GEM $2.8 million plus simple interest at 9% per annum. GEM filed an application to convert the Award to a money judgment on May 9, 2025, which is currently pending enforcement. As of September 30, 2025 and the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements, this amount remains outstanding.</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contingent liabilities of GEM dispute ⁽ⁱ⁾</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-88">-</div></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">2,811</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Project deposits</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">3,904</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">1,831</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Payroll payable</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">717</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">769</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Value added taxes and other taxes payable</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">370</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">708</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Subscription amount received for unvested restricted shares</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">288</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-89">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other accrued expenses</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">513</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,490</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total accrued expenses and other liabilities</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">5,792</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">7,609</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In an arbitration proceeding held in New York involving GEM Global Yield LLC SCS and GEM Yield Bahamas Limited (collectively, “GEM”), which sought monetary damages against Auto Services Group Limited (“ASGL”) concerning an alleged breach of contractual obligations, the arbitration tribunal issued an award at the end of April 2025 (the “Award”). The Award requires ASGL to pay GEM $2.8 million plus simple interest at 9% per annum. GEM filed an application to convert the Award to a money judgment on May 9, 2025, which is currently pending enforcement. As of September 30, 2025 and the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements, this amount remains outstanding.</span></td> </tr></table> 2811000 3904000 1831000 717000 769000 370000 708000 288000 513000 1490000 5792000 7609000 2800000 0.09 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>9.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>LEASES</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group has entered into operating lease agreements for certain offices, which are located in PRC. The Group determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception and record the leases in the consolidated financial statements upon lease commencement, which is the date when the lessor makes the underlying asset available for use by the lessee.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The balances for the operating leases where the Group is the lessee are presented as follows within the consolidated balance sheets:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use assets, net</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">606</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">237</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Lease liabilities, current</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td> <td style="text-align: right">544</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td> <td style="text-align: right">137</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Lease liabilities, non-current</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">21</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">32</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total operating lease liabilities</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">565</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">169</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The components of lease expenses were as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Lease cost</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Amortization of right-of-use assets</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">577</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">616</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Interest of operating lease liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">34</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total Lease cost</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">611</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">628</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the short-term lease expenses amounted to $110 and $121, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Other information related to leases where the Group is the lessee is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Weighted-average remaining lease term</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.59</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Weighted-average discount rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4.30</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.63</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of September 30, 2025, the following is a schedule of future minimum payments under the Group’s operating leases:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">For the calendar year ended September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Operating Leases</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 88%">Remainder of 2025</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">53</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">102</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">2027</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">18</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Total lease payments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">173</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: imputed interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">169</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The balances for the operating leases where the Group is the lessee are presented as follows within the consolidated balance sheets:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use assets, net</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">606</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">237</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Lease liabilities, current</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td> <td style="text-align: right">544</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td> <td style="text-align: right">137</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Lease liabilities, non-current</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">21</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">32</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total operating lease liabilities</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">565</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">169</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The components of lease expenses were as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Lease cost</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Amortization of right-of-use assets</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">577</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">616</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Interest of operating lease liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">34</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total Lease cost</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">611</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">628</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Other information related to leases where the Group is the lessee is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Weighted-average remaining lease term</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.59</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Weighted-average discount rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4.30</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.63</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> 606000 237000 544000 137000 21000 32000 565000 169000 577000 616000 34000 12000 611000 628000 110000 121000 P0Y7M2D P0Y2M1D 0.043 0.0363 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of September 30, 2025, the following is a schedule of future minimum payments under the Group’s operating leases:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">For the calendar year ended September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Operating Leases</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 88%">Remainder of 2025</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">53</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">102</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">2027</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">18</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Total lease payments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">173</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: imputed interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">169</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 53000 102000 18000 173000 4000 169000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>10.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>WARRANTS</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>GEM Warrant</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 4, 2022, Auto Services Group Limited entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “GEM Purchase Agreement”) with GEM Global Yield LLC SCS (“GEM Investor”) and GEM Yield Bahamas Limited (“GYBL”) relating to a share subscription facility. Pursuant to the GEM Purchase Agreement, Auto Services Group Limited has the right to sell to GEM Investor up to $125 million of its ordinary shares (the “GEM Shares”) for a 36-month period following a public listing of the Group’s ordinary shares (the “Investment Period”). GEM Investor would pay 90% of the average daily closing price during the pricing period, which is a 30-day period after SunCar turns a draw-down notice to GEM Investor.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, in connection with the execution of the GEM Purchase Agreement and as consideration for GEM Investor’s irrevocable commitment to purchase the GEM Shares, SunCar has agreed to make a warrant (the “GEM Warrants”) granting GYBL the right, during the Investment Period, to purchase the Group’s ordinary shares up to the equivalent of 3.3% of the total equity interests outstanding immediately after the completion of the Group’s public listing, calculated on a fully diluted basis. The exercise price of the GEM Warrant $11.50 per share in the case the Group consummates a merger transaction with GBRG, and priced customarily in the absence of the consummation of such a merger. The GEM Warrant may be exercised only on cash basis.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">After the Business Combination completed in May 2023, SunCar Technology Group Inc. registered the GEM Shares and GEM Warrants for the GEM Investor pursuant to GEM Purchase Agreement. As of September 30, 2025, the Company did not sell any ordinary shares to GEM Investor pursuant to GEM Purchase Agreement. The Company issued 2,839,951 GEM Warrants with the exercise price of $11.50 per share. Each GEM Warrant is entitled to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share. The GEM Warrants were exercisable from May 17, 2023, and shall expire on the date of the third anniversary of the public listing date.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The GEM Warrant met the criteria for equity classification. Pursuant to GEM Purchase Agreement, the GEM Warrants were issued as consideration for GEM Investor’s irrevocable commitment to purchase the GEM Shares, and thus, the initial fair value of the warrants was recorded as prepaid financing expense, which was amortized within the Investment Period commencing from May 17, 2023 to May 17, 2026. The Group recognized financing expense of $455 and $453 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Public Warrant and Private Warrant</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In connection with the Business Combination, the Company has assumed 6,100,000 warrants outstanding, which consisted of: (i) 5,750,000 warrants (the “Public Warrants”) with each Public Warrant exercisable to purchase one-half (1/2) of one Class A Ordinary Share at a price of $11.50 per share, such Public Warrants originally issued in the initial public offering of Goldenbridge by holders, and (ii) 350,000 warrants (the “Private Warrants”) with each Private Warrant exercisable to purchase one-half (1/2) of one Class A Ordinary Share at a price of $11.50 per share, such Private Warrants originally issued in a private placement by Goldenbridge in connection with the initial public offering of GBRG by the holders.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">When the Public Warrants are exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants in whole, and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per warrant:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If, and only if the last reported sales price of the Class A Ordinary Shares equals or exceeds $16.50 per share (subject to adjustment for splits, dividends, recapitalizations and other similar events) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third business day prior to the date on which the Company send the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon a minimum of 30 day’s prior written notice of redemption.</span></td> </tr></table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If the foregoing conditions are satisfied and the Company would issue a notice of redemption, each Public Warrant holder can exercise his, her or its warrant prior to the scheduled redemption date. However, the price of the ordinary shares may fall below the $16.50 trigger price as well as the $11.50 warrant exercise price per full share after the redemption notice is issued and not limit our ability to complete the redemption.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The redemption criteria for the Public Warrants have been established at a price which is intended to provide warrant holders a reasonable premium to the initial exercise price and provide a sufficient differential between the then-prevailing share price and the warrant exercise price so that if the share price declines as a result of the Company’s redemption call, the redemption will not cause the share price to drop below the exercise price of the warrants.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Except as described below, the Private Warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to the Public Warrants. The Private Warrants will be non-redeemable and may be exercised on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they continue to be held by the initial purchaser or their permitted transferees.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The exercise period of Public Warrants and Private Warrants commence on the later to occur of (i) the completion of the Company’s initial business combination and (ii)12 months following the closing of the Public Offering of GBRG, and terminating on earlier to occur if (i) five years after the completion of the initial business combination (May 17, 2028), and (ii) the date fixed for redemption of the Warrants.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Public Warrants met the criteria for equity classification and are recorded as additional paid-in capital on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at the completion of the Business Combination. The Private Warrants contain exercise and settlement features that may change with a change in the holder, which precludes the Private Warrants from being indexed to the Company’s own stock. Therefore, the Private Warrants are recognized as warrant liabilities on Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value, with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss at each reporting date until exercised.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Warrant issued in the Follow-on Offering</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As part of the Follow-on Offering, the Company agreed to issue to the Institutional Investors certain common warrants (“Common Warrants”) for the purchase of up to 3,850,857 Ordinary Shares at an exercise price of $9.00 per share. The Warrants are exercisable immediately after October 30, 2023, the date of issuance and will have a term of five years therefrom.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company also entered into Placement Agency Agreement dated October 26, 2023 (the “Placement Agency Agreement”) with FT Global Capital, Inc., to act as exclusive placement agent in connection with the Follow-on Offering (the “Placement Agent”). The Company agreed to pay the Placement Agent a cash fee equal to 7.5% of the gross proceeds raised in the Follow-on Offering. In addition, the Company agreed to issue to the Placement Agent warrants (“PA Warrants”) to purchase a number of Ordinary Shares equal to 1% of the aggregate number of Ordinary Shares sold in the Follow-on Offering, at an exercise price equal to $10.225 per share. The number of PA Warrants issued to FT Global Capital, Inc was 25,672.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Common Warrants and PA Warrants met the criteria for equity classification. The fair value of the Common Warrants and PA Warrants were of $17,739, valued based on the Black-Scholes-Merton model and is recorded as additional paid-in capital from common stock on the relative fair value of net proceeds received.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The table summarizes the assumptions of the initial fair value of warrants under Black-Scholes-Merton model:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">GEM<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Public<br/> Warrants<br/> and <br/> Private<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">PA<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Expected term (in years)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">3</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Volatility</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">59.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">59.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">63.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">63.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Risk-free interest rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.94</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.59</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4.80</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4.80</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Dividend yield</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-90">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-91">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-92">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-93">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(1)</i></span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Expected term (in years)</i></span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Expected term (in years) of the warrants is extracted from warrant agreements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(2)</i></span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Volatility</i></span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">The volatility of the underlying ordinary shares during the lives of the warrants was estimated based on the historical stock price volatility of comparable listed companies over a period comparable to the expected term of the options.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(3)</i></span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Risk-free interest rate</i></span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">Risk-free interest rate was estimated based on the daily treasury long term rate of the U.S. Treasury Department with a maturity period close to the expected term of the warrants. </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(4)</i></span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Dividend yield</i></span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">The dividend yield was estimated by the Group based on its expected dividend policy over the expected term of the warrants.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The table summarizes the status of warrants outstanding and exercisable as of September 30, 2025:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted Average <br/> Exercise Price</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">Warrants outstanding, as of December 31, 2024</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Warrants exercisable, as of December 31, 2024</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Issued</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-94">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-95">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Exercised</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-96">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-97">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Expired</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-98">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-99">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Warrants outstanding, as of September 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Warrants exercisable, as of September 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of September 30, 2025, the Company had 12,431,674 warrants outstanding to purchase 9,574,077 Class A Ordinary Shares with weighted average exercise price of $10.72 per share and remaining contractual lives of 2.31 years.</p> 125000000 0.90 0.033 11.5 2839951 11.5 1 455000 453000 6100000 5750000 1 11.5 350000 1 11.5 0.01 16.5 16.5 11.5 3850857 9 0.075 0.01 10.225 25672 17739000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The table summarizes the assumptions of the initial fair value of warrants under Black-Scholes-Merton model:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">GEM<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Public<br/> Warrants<br/> and <br/> Private<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">PA<br/> Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Expected term (in years)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">3</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Volatility</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">59.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">59.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">63.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">63.84</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Risk-free interest rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.94</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.59</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4.80</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">4.80</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Dividend yield</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-90">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-91">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-92">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-93">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 3 5 5 5 59.84 59.84 63.84 63.84 3.94 3.59 4.8 4.8 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The table summarizes the status of warrants outstanding and exercisable as of September 30, 2025:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted Average <br/> Exercise Price</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">Warrants outstanding, as of December 31, 2024</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Warrants exercisable, as of December 31, 2024</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Issued</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-94">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-95">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Exercised</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-96">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-97">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Expired</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-98">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-99">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Warrants outstanding, as of September 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Warrants exercisable, as of September 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,431,674</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">10.72</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 12431674 10.72 12431674 10.72 12431674 10.72 12431674 10.72 12431674 9574077 10.72 P2Y3M21D <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>11.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>Earnout Shares</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The consideration for the Business Combination included earnout share to the management as follows (“Earnout Shares”):</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares if the Group’s revenue equals or exceeds $258,000 for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, as reflected on the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022;</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares if the Group’s revenue equals or exceeds $352,000 for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023, as reflected on the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023; and;</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,600,000 Class A Ordinary Shares if the Group’s revenue equals or exceeds $459,000 for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, as reflected on the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Business Combination was completed on May 17, 2023. The Earnout Shares related to the performance condition in 2022, attributable to pre-combination vesting, is substantially part of the consideration in the exchange for the Company. The Earnout Shares related to business performance in 2023 and 2024 are accounted for as share-based compensation under ASC718, using the graded vesting method over the applicable vesting period based on the fair value of the Earnout Shares of $6.11 per share on the grant date.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the Group recognized share-based compensation expense related to Earnout Shares of <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-100">nil</span> and <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-101">nil</span>.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>2024 Equity Incentive Plan</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 28, 2024, the board of directors of the Company approved 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”). Under the 2024 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of Class A ordinary shares that may be issued pursuant to the awards shall be 8,800,000 shares.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">All of the 8,800,000 shares have been issued to employees. The shares were fully vested upon granted. The shares issued under 2024 Plan are accounted for as share-based compensation under ASC718 based on the fair value of the ordinary shares of $7.05 per share on the grant date. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized share-based compensation expenses of $62,040.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>Share-based compensation of a subsidiary</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On September 9, 2020, the shareholders of Shengda Automobile, a subsidiary of SunCar, approved and adopted the Share Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), under which eligible employees were granted 2,500,000 of restricted ordinary shares of Shanghai Shengda to award eligible employees’ contribution of the expansion of Shengda Automobile, at the price of RMB4.2 per share (“Restricted Shares”).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The restricted ordinary shares are subject to an annual vesting schedule that vests 20% of granted restricted shares over the next five years as the employees are required to provide services for a total of 60 months to earn the award. The employees have made full subscription payment of $1,553 during the year ended December 31, 2020. Upon termination, the unvested restricted shares are forfeited and the prepaid subscription amount for the unvested portion shall be returned to the employees.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">These restricted ordinary shares were considered as nonvested shares under the definition of ASC 718-10-20. The fair value of the Shares at the grant date was RMB25.71 ($3.94) per share, which was determined based on the purchase price of the financial offering of the same securities with external institutional investors. The Group accounts for forfeitures as a reduction of stock-based compensation expense when the forfeiture actually occurs.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognizes compensation expenses related to those restricted shares on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods. $1,121 and $1,117 of compensation expenses were recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of September 30, 2025, all restricted ordinary shares had fully vested and the unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted shares amounted to <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-102">nil</span>.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The 2020 Plan was carried out in the way that eligible employees indirectly hold shares of Shanghai Shengda by holding shares of Jingning Shengjing Enterprise Management Partnership (Limited Partnership) (“Shareholding Platform”) as the general partner and limited partner of the Shareholding Platform.  </p> 1600000 258000 1600000 352000 1600000 459000 6.11 8800000 8800000 7.05 62040000 2500000 4.2 0.20 P5Y 1553000 25.71 3.94 1121000 1117000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>12.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>EQUITY</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Acquisition of non-controlling interests </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, Suncar Online acquired 0.6% of equity interest of Shengda Automobile from non-controlling shareholders at the consideration of $2,214. The Group derecognized non-controlling interest of $1,293, and the difference between the purchase price and the carrying amount of the proportional net assets that acquired from non-controlling shareholders was charged against additional paid-in capital, which was $921.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Issuance of ordinary shares</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On February 5, 2025, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with BTIG, LLC as the representative of the underwriters named therein, to issue and sell 7,142,858 Class A ordinary shares for total expected gross proceeds of approximately $50 million before underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. The issuance was completed on February 7, 2025, the proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares, net of offering costs, amounted to approximately $41.6 million.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Shares Repurchase from public market</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On February 7, 2025, the Company announced that its board of directors has authorized a share repurchase program (the “Share Repurchase Program”) to buy back up to $30 million of its outstanding Class A ordinary shares.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth repurchase activity under the Share Repurchase Program from inception through September 30, 2025:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total number of Class A Ordinary <br/> shares purchased</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average price paid per <br/> Class A Ordinary <br/> share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">Periods</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">February 2025:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Open market purchases</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,644,809</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">4.99</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">March 2025:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Open market purchases</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,160,258</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">4.80</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">April 2025:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Open market purchases</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">586,036</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.17</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">May 2025:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Open market purchases</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">47,454</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">2.74</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">3,438,557</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 0.006 2214000 1293000 921000 7142858 50000000 41600000 30000000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth repurchase activity under the Share Repurchase Program from inception through September 30, 2025:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total number of Class A Ordinary <br/> shares purchased</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average price paid per <br/> Class A Ordinary <br/> share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">Periods</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">February 2025:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Open market purchases</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,644,809</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">4.99</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">March 2025:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Open market purchases</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,160,258</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">4.80</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">April 2025:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Open market purchases</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">586,036</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3.17</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">May 2025:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Open market purchases</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">47,454</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">2.74</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">3,438,557</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 1644809 4.99 1160258 4.8 586036 3.17 47454 2.74 3438557 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>13.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>TAXATION</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Cayman Islands</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the current laws of the Cayman Islands, the Group is not subject to tax on income or capital gain. Additionally, upon payments of dividends to the shareholders, no Cayman Islands withholding tax will be imposed.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Hong Kong </i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">According to Tax (Amendment) (No. 3) Ordinance 2018 published by Hong Kong government, form April 1, 2018, under the two-tiered profits tax rates regime, the profits tax rate for the first HKD 2 million of assessable profits will be lowered to 8.25% (half of the rate specified in Schedule 8 to the Inland Revenue Ordinance (IRO)) for corporations. China Auto Market was not subject to Hong Kong profit tax for any period presented as it did not have assessable profit during the periods presented.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>PRC</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Generally, the Group’s subsidiaries, which are considered PRC resident enterprises under PRC tax law, are subject to enterprise income tax (“EIT”) on their worldwide taxable income as determined under PRC tax laws and accounting standards at a rate of 25%. EIT grants preferential tax treatment to High and New Technology Enterprises (“HNTEs”) at a rate of 15%, subject to a requirement that they re-apply for HNTE status every three years. The Group’s subsidiaries, Shengda Automobile and Shanghai Chengle Network Technology Co., Ltd. were approved as a HNTE and is entitled to a reduced income tax rate of 15% beginning November 2018 and renewing the HNTE in December 2021 and December 2024. The certificate is valid for three years.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">According to Taxation [2022] No. 13 which was effective from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024, a small-scale and low-profit enterprise receives a tax preference including a preferential tax rate of 5% on its taxable income between RMB1 million and RMB3 million. According to Taxation [2023] No. 06 which was effective from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024, a small-scale and low-profit enterprise receives a tax preference including a preferential tax rate of 5% on its taxable income below RMB1 million. According to Taxation [2023] No. 12 which was effective from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2027, a small-scale and low-profit enterprise receives a tax preference including a preferential tax rate of 5% on its taxable income below RMB3 million.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The income tax benefit consisted of the following components:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Current income tax expenses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,663</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,467</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Deferred income tax benefit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(732</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(627</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total income tax expense</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">931</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">840</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A reconciliation between the Group’s actual benefit for income taxes and the provision at the PRC, mainland statutory rate is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Loss before income tax expense</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(60,642</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(3,286</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Computed income tax benefit with statutory tax rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(15,161</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(822</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Additional deduction for research and development expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(362</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(409</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of preferred tax rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15,203</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">533</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of favorable tax rates on small-scale and low-profit entities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(49</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">64</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of tax relief</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-103">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of non-deductible items</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(53</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">87</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of expired tax attribute carryforwards</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">523</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-104">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Changes in valuation allowance</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">831</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,387</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Income tax expense</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">931</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">840</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, the significant components of the deferred tax assets are summarized below:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Deferred tax assets:</td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Temporary difference in accounts receivable recognition</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,570</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,712</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Temporary difference in research and development costs</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">3,033</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">3,149</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expense</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">391</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">402</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Net operating loss carried forward</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">11,325</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">12,564</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Share-based compensation</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">295</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">472</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for credit losses</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">3,679</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,631</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Total deferred tax assets</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">24,293</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">26,930</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Valuation allowance</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(13,840</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(15,575</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">10,453</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,355</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Changes in valuation allowance are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at the beginning of the period</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">11,820</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">13,840</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Additions</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">2,344</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">1,350</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation adjustments</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(324</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">385</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance at the end of the period</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">13,840</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15,575</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, the Group had net operating loss carryforwards from the Group’s subsidiaries in the PRC of approximately $48,347 and $51,588, respectively, and from the Parent Company and the Group’s non-PRC subsidiaries of approximately $82,600 and $87,825, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, deferred tax assets from the net operating loss carryforwards amounted to $11,325 and $12,564, respectively, and the Group has recorded valuation allowances of $13,840 and $15,575 as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, respectively. Full valuation allowances have been provided where, based on all available evidence, management determined that deferred tax assets are not more likely than not to be realizable in future tax years.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of September 30, 2025, net operating loss carryforwards will expire, if unused, in the following amounts:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 88%">Remainder of 2025</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">4,270</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,187</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">2027</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16,969</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2028</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">13,151</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">2029</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6,280</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2030</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,731</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Infinite</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">87,825</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">139,413</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 2000000 0.0825 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.05 1000000 3000000 0.05 1000000 0.05 3000000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The income tax benefit consisted of the following components:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Current income tax expenses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,663</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,467</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Deferred income tax benefit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(732</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(627</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total income tax expense</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">931</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">840</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 1663000 1467000 -732000 -627000 931000 840000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A reconciliation between the Group’s actual benefit for income taxes and the provision at the PRC, mainland statutory rate is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Loss before income tax expense</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(60,642</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(3,286</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Computed income tax benefit with statutory tax rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(15,161</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(822</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Additional deduction for research and development expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(362</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(409</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of preferred tax rate</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15,203</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">533</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of favorable tax rates on small-scale and low-profit entities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(49</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">64</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of tax relief</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-103">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of non-deductible items</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(53</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">87</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax effect of expired tax attribute carryforwards</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">523</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-104">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Changes in valuation allowance</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">831</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,387</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Income tax expense</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">931</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">840</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 60642000 3286000 -15161000 -822000 362000 409000 15203000 533000 -49000 64000 1000 -53000 87000 523000 831000 1387000 931000 840000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, the significant components of the deferred tax assets are summarized below:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Deferred tax assets:</td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Temporary difference in accounts receivable recognition</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,570</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,712</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Temporary difference in research and development costs</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">3,033</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">3,149</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expense</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">391</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">402</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Net operating loss carried forward</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">11,325</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">12,564</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Share-based compensation</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">295</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">472</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for credit losses</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">3,679</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,631</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Total deferred tax assets</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">24,293</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">26,930</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Valuation allowance</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(13,840</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(15,575</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">10,453</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,355</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 5570000 5712000 3033000 3149000 391000 402000 11325000 12564000 295000 472000 3679000 4631000 24293000 26930000 13840000 15575000 10453000 11355000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Changes in valuation allowance are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at the beginning of the period</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">11,820</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">13,840</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Additions</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">2,344</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">1,350</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation adjustments</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(324</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">385</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance at the end of the period</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">13,840</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15,575</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 11820000 13840000 2344000 1350000 324000 -385000 13840000 15575000 48347000 51588000 82600000 87825000 11325000 12564000 13840000 15575000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of September 30, 2025, net operating loss carryforwards will expire, if unused, in the following amounts:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 88%">Remainder of 2025</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">4,270</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,187</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">2027</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16,969</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2028</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">13,151</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">2029</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6,280</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">2030</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,731</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Infinite</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">87,825</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">139,413</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 4270000 5187000 16969000 13151000 6280000 5731000 87825000 139413000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>14.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NET LOSS PER SHARE </b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth the basic and diluted net loss per share computation and provides a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for the periods presented:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">Numerator:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">　</td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">　</td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net loss attributable to the Company’s ordinary shareholders</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%; text-align: right">(64,747</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%; text-align: right">(7,485</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per share calculation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(64,747</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(7,485</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">Denominator:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Weighted average number of ordinary shares</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">95,221,846</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">102,106,309</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to the Company ordinary shareholders per ordinary share</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">—Basic and diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(0.68</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(0.07</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, warrants were anti-dilutive and thus excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share. The potential dilutive securities that were not included in the calculation of dilutive loss per share in nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 were 1,600,000 and 1,600,000, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth the basic and diluted net loss per share computation and provides a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for the periods presented:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">Numerator:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">　</td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">　</td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net loss attributable to the Company’s ordinary shareholders</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%; text-align: right">(64,747</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%; text-align: right">(7,485</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per share calculation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(64,747</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(7,485</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">Denominator:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Weighted average number of ordinary shares</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">95,221,846</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">102,106,309</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to the Company ordinary shareholders per ordinary share</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">—Basic and diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(0.68</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(0.07</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> -64747000 -7485000 -64747000 -64747000 -7485000 -7485000 95221846 102106309 -0.68 -0.68 -0.07 -0.07 1600000 1600000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>15.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS </b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The table below sets forth the major related parties and their relationships with the Group as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 49%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of related parties</b></span></td> <td style="width: 2%"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Relationship with the Group</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shengda Group</span></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An entity ultimately controlled by Mr. Ye Zaichang, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Lei Zhunfu</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Technology Officer and Chief Operating Officer of the Company</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>Balances with related parties</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Amount due to related parties</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Amount due to related parties, current</td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other payables ⁽¹⁾</span></td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-105"> </div></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-106"> </div></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Shengda Group</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,718</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,381</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Mr. Lei Zhunfu</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">520</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">290</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">6,238</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">6,671</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Amount due to a related party, non-current</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Payables due to the transfer of SunCar Online ⁽²⁾</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-107"> </div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-108"> </div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Shengda Group</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">22,761</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">11,813</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">22,761</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,813</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other payables were for the ordinary course of operation, which were interest free, unsecure and could be settled on demand.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 3, 2021, Shengda Group transferred all of its equity interest, which was 55.09% as of the transfer date, of SunCar Online to Shanghai Feiyou, at price RMB4 per share, totaling RMB282 million. Upon completion of the transfer, Feiyou is liable to Shengda Group RMB282 million for the transfer of SunCar Online. As a result of the disposal of Shengda Group, Shengda Group became the related party of the Group, and the balance due to Shengda Group was presented as amount due to a related party. On March 1, 2022, the Group entered into a share purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an affiliate of Mr. Ye to transfer the total equity of Shengda Group with the consideration of RMB 1. Pursuant to the SPA, the Group agreed to repay the debt owed to Shengda Group by full before June 1, 2023.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In April 2023, the Group negotiated with Shengda Group and consented to have an extension of payment to extend the repayment date to December 31, 2025, with annual interest rate of 1% from June 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025. In January 2025, the Group negotiated with Shengda Group and consented to have an extension of payment to extend the repayment date to December 31, 2028. Therefore, the Group reclassified the balance to non-current portion after the extension.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Group repaid the debt owed to Shengda Group through transfer of shares of SunCar Online at an aggregate amount of $6.2 million. The non-cash gains from the difference of repurchase price and transfer price of $4.5 million were charged to additional-paid-in capital since Shengda Group and the Group were under common control.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Group repaid the debt owed to Shengda Group of $11.4 million.</p></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The table below sets forth the major related parties and their relationships with the Group as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 49%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of related parties</b></span></td> <td style="width: 2%"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Relationship with the Group</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shengda Group</span></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An entity ultimately controlled by Mr. Ye Zaichang, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Lei Zhunfu</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Technology Officer and Chief Operating Officer of the Company</span></td></tr> </table> An entity ultimately controlled by Mr. Ye Zaichang, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer Chief Technology Officer and Chief Operating Officer of the Company <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Amount due to related parties</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of <br/> December 31,</td> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>As of <br/> September 30,</b></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Amount due to related parties, current</td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other payables ⁽¹⁾</span></td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-105"> </div></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-106"> </div></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Shengda Group</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,718</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,381</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Mr. Lei Zhunfu</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">520</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">290</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">6,238</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">6,671</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Amount due to a related party, non-current</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Payables due to the transfer of SunCar Online ⁽²⁾</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-107"> </div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-108"> </div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Shengda Group</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">22,761</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">11,813</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">22,761</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">11,813</td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other payables were for the ordinary course of operation, which were interest free, unsecure and could be settled on demand.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 3, 2021, Shengda Group transferred all of its equity interest, which was 55.09% as of the transfer date, of SunCar Online to Shanghai Feiyou, at price RMB4 per share, totaling RMB282 million. Upon completion of the transfer, Feiyou is liable to Shengda Group RMB282 million for the transfer of SunCar Online. As a result of the disposal of Shengda Group, Shengda Group became the related party of the Group, and the balance due to Shengda Group was presented as amount due to a related party. On March 1, 2022, the Group entered into a share purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an affiliate of Mr. Ye to transfer the total equity of Shengda Group with the consideration of RMB 1. Pursuant to the SPA, the Group agreed to repay the debt owed to Shengda Group by full before June 1, 2023.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In April 2023, the Group negotiated with Shengda Group and consented to have an extension of payment to extend the repayment date to December 31, 2025, with annual interest rate of 1% from June 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025. In January 2025, the Group negotiated with Shengda Group and consented to have an extension of payment to extend the repayment date to December 31, 2028. Therefore, the Group reclassified the balance to non-current portion after the extension.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Group repaid the debt owed to Shengda Group through transfer of shares of SunCar Online at an aggregate amount of $6.2 million. The non-cash gains from the difference of repurchase price and transfer price of $4.5 million were charged to additional-paid-in capital since Shengda Group and the Group were under common control.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Group repaid the debt owed to Shengda Group of $11.4 million.</p></td></tr> </table> 5718000 6381000 520000 290000 6238000 6671000 22761000 11813000 22761000 11813000 0.5509 4 282000000 282000000 1000 0.01 6200000 4500000 11400000 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>16.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CONCENTRATION RISK</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Financial instruments that potentially expose the Group to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The Group conducts credit evaluations of its customers, and generally does not require collateral or other security from them. The Group evaluates its collection experience and long outstanding balances to determine the need for an allowance for credit losses. The Group conducts periodic reviews of the financial condition and payment practices of its customers to minimize collection risk on accounts receivable.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represent 10% or more of the Group’s total revenue.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 37.35pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Percentage of the Group’s total revenue</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2">　</td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2">　</td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Customer A</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">10</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Customer B</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">23</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Customer C</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 37.35pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represent 10% or more of the Group’s total accounts receivable:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Percentage of the Group’s accounts receivable</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Customer D</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">10</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Customer E</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">22</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Customer F</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">13</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Customer G</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following table sets forth a summary of each supplier who represent 10% or more of the Group’s total purchase:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Percentage of the Group’s total purchase</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Supplier A</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">15</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Supplier B</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Supplier C</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-109"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></div></td><td style="text-align: left">*</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">represent percentage less than 10%</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represent 10% or more of the Group’s total revenue.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 37.35pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Percentage of the Group’s total revenue</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2">　</td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2">　</td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Customer A</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">10</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Customer B</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">23</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Customer C</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 37.35pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represent 10% or more of the Group’s total accounts receivable:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">September 30,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Percentage of the Group’s accounts receivable</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Customer D</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">10</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Customer E</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">22</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Customer F</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">13</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Customer G</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following table sets forth a summary of each supplier who represent 10% or more of the Group’s total purchase:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">For the nine months ended <br/> September 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Percentage of the Group’s total purchase</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Supplier A</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">15</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Supplier B</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">15</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Supplier C</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-109"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></div></td><td style="text-align: left">*</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">represent percentage less than 10%</span></td></tr> </table> 0.14 0.10 0.20 0.23 0.16 0.15 0.10 0.12 0.22 0.14 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.10 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.12 <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>17.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.45pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Lease Commitments</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The total future minimum lease payments of property management fee and short-term lease under the non-cancellable operating lease with respect to the office as of September 30, 2025 are payable as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 43.65pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Lease <br/> Commitment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 88%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Within 1 year</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%; text-align: right">81</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">81</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Contingencies</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the ordinary course of business, the Group may be subject to legal proceedings regarding contractual and employment relationships and a variety of other matters. The Group records contingent liabilities resulting from such claims, when a loss is assessed to be probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. In the opinion of management, there were no pending or threatened claims and litigation as of September 30, 2025 and through the issuance date of these consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">  </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Capital commitments</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><b><i> </i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Group’s capital commitments primarily relate to commitments on purchase of other cloud infrastructure and artificial intelligence platform. Total capital commitment contracted but not yet reflected in the consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2025 was $35,519, of which $17,960 was expected to be paid within 1 year and $17,559 was expected to be paid more than 1 year.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The total future minimum lease payments of property management fee and short-term lease under the non-cancellable operating lease with respect to the office as of September 30, 2025 are payable as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 43.65pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Lease <br/> Commitment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 88%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Within 1 year</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%; text-align: right">81</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">81</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 81000 81000 35519000 17960000 P1Y 17559000 P1Y <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>18.</b></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</b></span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On July 18, 2025, the People’s Court of Songjiang District, Shanghai, issued a judgment to revoke, within the amount of the creditor’s rights confirmed in the civil mediation agreement in favor of the plaintiff, the equity transfer of SunCar Online by the defendant, Zhejiang Shengling Automotive Service Co., Ltd. (also known as Shengda Group), to Shanghai Feiyou, and ordered the restoration of the equity ownership. Shanghai Feiyou subsequently filed an appeal against the judgment.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On October 31, 2025, the People’s Court upheld the original judgement. Considering the amount of the plaintiff’s claim against Shengda Group, Shanghai Feiyou’s equity interest in SunCar Online was probably reduced from 55.34% to 48.69%. According to concerted action arrangements between Shanghai Feiyou and other shareholders, which still collectively hold an aggregate equity interest of 51.74% in SunCar Online, the Group believes that the outcome of this dispute will not affect Shanghai Feiyou’s effective control over SunCar Online, and is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">  </p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On October 31, 2025, GEM presented a winding-up petition (the “Petition”) to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, requesting for the liquidation and winding up of SunCar, in connection with a non-payment under an Award issued at the end of April 2025 as described under Note 8. On December 16, 2025, the GEM and SunCar agreed to the terms of a Consent Order for the adjournment of the Petition (the “Consent Order”). The Consent Order provides for the total payment of $3.1 million by SunCar to GEM in two equal instalments on December 31, 2025 and January 31, 2026. The Cayman Court approved the adjournment of the Petition based on the Consent Order.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has evaluated the impact of events that have occurred subsequent to September 30, 2025, through the issuance date, December 22, 2025, of the consolidated financial statements, the Company did not identify any other subsequent events occurred that would require recognition in the consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.</p> 0.5534 0.4869 0.5174 3100000 3100000 0001936804 false 2025-09-30 Q3 --12-31 Included net of financial expenses, investment income and others. On April 21, May 15 and August 12, 2025, Shanghai Cuhong Auto Services Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Cuhong”), a subsidiary of the Company, provided cash collateral of RMB14.6 million (approximately $2.0 million), RMB7.2 million (approximately $1.0 million) and RMB7.2 million (approximately $1.0  million), respectively, to Beijing Youhu Business Services Co., Ltd. (“Youhu”) under a guarantee agreement. The collateral was intended to secure margin loan obligations of Lu Ruixia, Yang Shuaiqi, Yang Dan and Guo Qingbao with Youhu’s related entities, Tiger Brokers (NZ) Limited and Tiger Brokers (HK) Global Limited. The amount is refundable only when such third-parties have fully satisfied and complied with any additional margin requirements. The Company expects to recover this securities margin by 2026. It represented advance to the employees for the Company’s daily operation. It represented prepaid financing expense related to issuance of GEM Warrants (See Note 10). From 2022 onwards, part of hybrid cloud platform developed with the assistance of a third-party cloud service provider were progressively completed and deemed substantially ready for use, and transferred from other non-current assets. Cost of hybrid cloud platform represents the purchase price of the platform and other expenditures incurred to bring the platform into its intended use. The application of the hybrid cloud platform was to improve the IT development capability for internal-used software platforms which provide auto eInsurance service and auto service to customers, and Software-As-A-Service (“SaaS”) products which are provided to business partners as technology services. Other non-current assets primarily consisted of other cloud infrastructure under construction, which was not available for use as of September 30, 2025 and expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2026. In the first half of 2025, the Group paid RMB38.9 million (approximately $5.5 million) for cloud infrastructure support, which would be amortized over 3 years based on the service agreements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, amortization expense was nil and $897. In an arbitration proceeding held in New York involving GEM Global Yield LLC SCS and GEM Yield Bahamas Limited (collectively, “GEM”), which sought monetary damages against Auto Services Group Limited (“ASGL”) concerning an alleged breach of contractual obligations, the arbitration tribunal issued an award at the end of April 2025 (the “Award”). The Award requires ASGL to pay GEM $2.8 million plus simple interest at 9% per annum. GEM filed an application to convert the Award to a money judgment on May 9, 2025, which is currently pending enforcement. As of September 30, 2025 and the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements, this amount remains outstanding. Other payables were for the ordinary course of operation, which were interest free, unsecure and could be settled on demand. On December 3, 2021, Shengda Group transferred all of its equity interest, which was 55.09% as of the transfer date, of SunCar Online to Shanghai Feiyou, at price RMB4 per share, totaling RMB282 million. Upon completion of the transfer, Feiyou is liable to Shengda Group RMB282 million for the transfer of SunCar Online. As a result of the disposal of Shengda Group, Shengda Group became the related party of the Group, and the balance due to Shengda Group was presented as amount due to a related party. On March 1, 2022, the Group entered into a share purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an affiliate of Mr. Ye to transfer the total equity of Shengda Group with the consideration of RMB 1. Pursuant to the SPA, the Group agreed to repay the debt owed to Shengda Group by full before June 1, 2023. In April 2023, the Group negotiated with Shengda Group and consented to have an extension of payment to extend the repayment date to December 31, 2025, with annual interest rate of 1% from June 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025. In January 2025, the Group negotiated with Shengda Group and consented to have an extension of payment to extend the repayment date to December 31, 2028. Therefore, the Group reclassified the balance to non-current portion after the extension. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Group repaid the debt owed to Shengda Group through transfer of shares of SunCar Online at an aggregate amount of $6.2 million. The non-cash gains from the difference of repurchase price and transfer price of $4.5 million were charged to additional-paid-in capital since Shengda Group and the Group were under common control. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Group repaid the debt owed to Shengda Group of $11.4 million. represent percentage less than 10%